Lead-acid batteries are a common type of storage battery, widely used in automobiles, UPS power supplies, solar energy storage and other fields. However, there are certain safety hazards in the use of lead-acid batteries, and they may explode and catch fire. This article will introduce the structure, working principle, safety hazards and preventive measures of lead-acid batteries in detail to help readers better understand the safety of lead-acid batteries.

First, let's take a look at the structure and working principle of lead-acid batteries. Lead-acid batteries are composed of positive plates, negative plates, electrolytes, and separators. The positive and negative plates are composed of lead and lead oxide, respectively, and the electrolyte is a sulfuric acid solution. During the charging process, the sulfuric acid in the electrolyte decomposes into oxygen and water, while the lead oxide on the positive plate is reduced to lead, and the lead on the negative plate is oxidized to lead oxide. During the discharge process, the reaction processes on the positive and negative plates are opposite, and the battery releases electrical energy.

However, there are some safety hazards in the use of lead-acid batteries. First, the chemical reaction inside the lead-acid battery will produce hydrogen. If the gas inside the battery cannot be discharged in time, it will cause gas accumulation, increasing the risk of battery explosion. Secondly, if the positive and negative poles of the battery are short-circuited or overcharged and discharged, it will also cause the battery to overheat, catch fire or even explode. In addition, if the battery shell is damaged or over-extended, it will also cause battery leakage, short circuit and other safety problems.

So, how to prevent lead-acid battery explosion and fire? First, regularly check the appearance of the battery for damage and keep the battery clean and dry. Second, avoid overcharging and discharging the battery, use a suitable charger, and avoid leaving it unused for a long time. In addition, avoid short circuit of the battery, do not place metal objects on the battery, and avoid damage to the battery shell. Finally, if the battery has abnormal conditions, such as heating, leakage, etc., stop using it immediately and deal with it in time.

In general, lead-acid batteries have certain safety hazards during use, and there is a possibility of explosion and fire. In order to ensure the safe use of batteries, we should strengthen the inspection and maintenance of batteries, avoid overcharge and discharge and short circuit of batteries, and deal with abnormal conditions of batteries in time. Only in this way can we better utilize the advantages of lead-acid batteries and ensure the safety of use. I hope that through the introduction of this article, readers can better understand the safety of lead-acid batteries and do a good job in the use and maintenance of batteries.